Spacecraft formation flying control around L2 sun-earth libration point using on–off SDRE approach

In this paper, on–off SDRE control approach is presented for spacecraft formation flying control around sun-earth L2 libration point. Orbits around libration points are significant targets for many space missions mainly because of efficient fuel consumption. Furthermore, less propellant usage can be achieved by considering optimal control approaches in spacecraft formation flying control design. Among various nonlinear and optimal control methods, SDRE has shown to be a popular controller in various missions due to the privileges including efficiency, accuracy and robustness. The spacecraft are assumed to have on–off thrusters as actuators. It requires them to be fed with a sequence of on–off pulses which is regarded as a challenge for spacecraft designers. Hence, the main contribution of this paper is designing an on–off SDRE approach for the formation flight around sun-earth L2 point with uncertainty with energy and accuracy considerations. Including on–off input as a constraint is not feasible for SDRE implementation because it makes the system non-affine. An alternative is utilizing an integral action technique and an auxiliary control to make the system affine which leads to on–off SDRE approach. It has also been shown that the proposed method is robust against parametric uncertainties of the states. Present study aims to design an energy-beneficial, simple and attractive controller for a complex nonlinear system with on–off inputs and uncertainty in CRTBP. Simulation results show that the on–off SDRE control could provide the formation flight around L2 point with high accuracy using less energy consumption.     

基于幅频响应特性的半球谐振子频率裂解与固有刚度轴方位角测定方法

半球谐振子频率裂解与固有刚度轴方位角是影响陀螺性能指标的核心因素。提出了一种基于幅频响应特性的半球谐振子频率裂解与固有刚度轴方位角测定方法，采用压电激振台扫频激振，多普勒激光测振仪检测谐振子的幅频响应特性，通过幅频响应特性曲线分析实现频率裂解与固有刚度轴方位角的测定。对该方法进行了理论分析，搭建了实验装置，并对半球谐振子进行了测试，结果表明：该方法频率裂解测量精度优于0.01Hz，固有频率主轴方位角确定精度优于±1.17°，具有良好的可行性，在半球谐振陀螺研制方面具有良好的参考意义。     

Formation flying reconfiguration manoeuvres via environmental forces in highly elliptical orbits

A study on reconfiguration manoevres applied to a tetrahedral formation in highly elliptical orbits is proposed, by using a propellantless solution. The manoeuvring strategy consists in exploiting certain environmental forces, specifically those provided by solar radiation pressure and atmospheric drag, by actively controlling the satellites’ attitudes. Through inverse dynamics particle swarm optimization the optimal attitudes required for the manoeuvres are evaluated, whereas the configuration’s evolution is simulated by a high-fidelity orbital simulator. The goal of the reconfiguration problem is to find an optimal control in order for the four spacecraft to reach a desired configuration in a specified portion of orbit, where the desired configuration is evaluated by a shape and size geometric parameter. By increasing the manoeuvring time and the satellites’ area to mass ratio, all the case studies considered are successfully verified.     

双向旋转变喉面流量调节阀热应力分析

以ANSYS软件为工具,时均化N-S方程、RNGkε-湍流模型和傅里叶热传导模型为基础,建立三维面对称纯气相流动和固体热传导模型;采用流固耦合的方法,设置流场和固体区域交界面为热耦合面,分析了喷管内流场特性和喷管体与轴阀固体区域的温度、应力分布。结果表明在喷管喉部圆柱段的温度最高,调节阀的等效喉部段和等效扩张段出现了应力集中的现象,两者都随轴阀转角的增加、工作时间的延长而增大。     

Comparison of satellite orbit ephemerides for use in GPS meteorology

This paper discusses GPS (Global Position System) meteorology. The research presented is based on a comparison of values of precipitable water vapour PWV, based on GPS measurements using final and predicted ephemerides of satellite orbits. We analysed recent year’s improvement in predicting ephemerides. We compared the data outputs from a radiosonde using GPS receiver measurements directly from the meteorological station from which the radiosondes were launched. The results indicate a high quality of the predicted ephemerides. This finding makes predicted ephemerides highly usable for near real-time estimations of PWV. To use PWV in meteorological forecast applications, this high speed of PWV values supply is necessary.     

基于EM‑EKF的深空光学自主导航系统光轴偏差补偿算法

在深空探测任务中,光学自主导航的精度受导航敏感器件安装精度的影响较大。提出了一种基于期望最大化-扩展卡尔曼滤波(EM-EKF)的光学自主导航系统光轴偏差补偿算法。算法基于条件概率的思想,预先设定状态变量和观测量的统计特性参数,通过不断地最大化条件期望,得到出现概率最大的状态变量估值和光轴偏差参数估值。该算法可分为4步:EKF、固定区间平滑、求解条件期望和期望最大化,不断迭代即可得到光轴偏差估计值。以火星探测近火段为例进行仿真验证,经光轴偏差补偿后,导航精度由100 km提升至20 km以内。     

地球同步轨道薄膜太阳帆的姿态轨道控制方法

薄膜太阳帆（FSS）是集推进、发电和姿轨控功能于一体化的超大型挠性太阳帆式航天器，通过调整薄膜反射率产生可变推力和力矩，实现其姿态和轨道运动控制。结合薄膜太阳帆在地球同步轨道运行时的受力特性进行了轨道漂移分析。通过建立薄膜太阳帆动力学模型及受力模型，提出了调整帆面角度轨道修正方法以及基于薄膜光压力矩角动量卸载的长期在轨对日定向面内双轴动量轮稳定控制方法。通过系统仿真验证表明所提的轨道修正和对日定向控制方法是合理有效的，可使薄膜太阳帆长期在定点位置维持对日定向。     

双轴连续旋转调制捷联惯导系统大失准角初始对准技术

由于可以补偿惯性器件在三个轴向上的输出误差，双轴旋转调制技术被广泛应用于捷联惯导系统(SINS)。选择了一种合理且实用的十六次序双轴转位方案，并对其调制原理和误差进行了分析。初始对准技术是捷联惯导系统的一项重要技术，其对准精度直接决定了后续导航的精度。在粗对准完成后，当姿态误差角较大时，后续的精对准误差模型呈非线性特性，故选择了滤波精度高、稳定性强的平方根容积Kalman滤波算法(SCKF)来解决这一问题。考虑到在实际对准过程中，量测噪声的统计特性易发生变化，将SCKF算法与Sage-Husa算法相结合，在传统Sage-Husa SCKF算法的基础上提出了一种改进的自适应滤波算法(ASCKF)。该算法采用QR分解来完成对噪声协方差的平方根矩阵估计，从而避免了传统Sage-Husa SCKF算法中所估噪声协方差矩阵不正定的问题。最后，通过仿真证实了ASCKF算法可被很好地应用于量测噪声统计特性发生变化的初始对准中。     

系列化构型运载能力设计余量留取方法研究

调研了美国航天型号研制中设计余量留取的情况,结合系列化构型论证工作,对运载能力设计余量留取问题进行了初步研究,分析了关键参数对运载能力的影响,针对不同目标轨道、系列化构型的差异,探索得到了运载能力设计余量差异化留取的方法。     

On the station keeping of a solar sail in the elliptic Sun–Earth system

In this work we focus on the dynamics of a solar sail in the Sun–Earth Elliptic Restricted Three-Body Problem with solar radiation pressure. The considered situation is the motion of a sail close to the L₁ point, but displacing the equilibrium point with the sail so that it is possible to have continuous communication with the Earth. In previous works we derived a station keeping strategy for this situation but using the Circular RTBP as a model.